V.  Boqor Ba'eda Maryam iyo Boqorad Elena

Inta aynaan isha marin taariikhda boqor Ba'eda iyo boqoradda Elena, waxaa xusuusin mudan in taariikhda Immaam Axmed iyo dagaaladii baaxadda laha ee uu la galay boqortooyada Ethiopia (gaar ahaan Boqor Lebna Dengal, wiilkiisii Gelowdewos, iyo boqortooyadii Portugueseka ee gurmadka u fidisay) ay ina soo hayso oo aan taxanahan qaybo badan oo kamid ah si faahfaahsan uga hadli doonno; sidaas darteed, waxaan jeclaystay in aynaan ku degdegin bilowga taariikhda Imaam Axmed illaa aan halkeeda ugu tagayno.

Boqor Ba'eda Maryam (1468-1478)                                  Waxaan horay uga soo warbixinay, qormadeenii tan ka horaysay, ciqaabtii boqor Zara Yakob uu ku qaaday xaaskiisii, Seyon Mogasa, kadib kolkuu ku eedeeyey in ay mu'aamarad ka dhan ah boqor Zara Yakob, oo ay ku doonaysay in ay xukunka kaga wareejiso, ay faraha la gashay. Seyon Mogasa, waxay ahayd boqor Ba'eda Maryam hooyadiis, sidaas darteed, arintan waxay Ba'eda Maryam ku keentay, yaraantiisii, cabsi aad u badan oo uu ka qabay in uu aabihiis, Zara Yakob, marin doono ciqaab lamid ah tan uu hooyadiis mariyey.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Boqor Zara Yakob wax ciqaab ah ma marin wiilkiisa, wuxuuna u diyaariyey in uu ka dhaxlo taajka boqortooyada Ethiopia. Sidaas ayuuna boqor Ba'eda Maryam kula wareegay maamulka boqortooyadii Amxaarada sanadkii 1468kii kadib kolkii aabihiis u geeriyooday xannuun muddo hayey.

Waxyaabaha sida gaarka ah loogu xasuusto boqor Ba'eda Maryam  (the hand of Mary) ama gacantii Maryam oo lagu magacaabi jiray Dawit, waxaa kamid ah dhisitaankii kaniisaddii sida weyn caanka u ahayd ee "Atronsa Maryam" sidoo kale wuxuu amar ku bixiyey in lafihii boqorradan dhawrka ah: Yakuna Amlak (1270-1285), Neway Maryam (1372-1382), iyo Tewodros (1413-1414) lagu aaso Kaniisadda Atronsa Maryam.

Dadka ree Ethiopia ee xukunka boqor Ba'eda Maryam ku hoos noolaa waxay ku xamanjireen in uu wakhtigiisa inta badan uu ku lumiyo fardafuulka oo uu aad u jeclaa. Boqorku, Ba'eda, wuxuu markii danbe ku dooday in fardafuulkiisan faraha badani uu yahay mid caada ahaan kasoo jeedda Boqortooyada Ethiopia uuna ka dhaxlay boqorraddii hore ee isaga xukunka kaga horeeyey.

Boqor Ba'eda Maryam waxaa sidoo kale lagu tilmaamaa in uu ku dhiiri geliyey dadka reer Ethiopia in ay waxbeerashada xoogga saaraan, gaar ahaan liinta, sonkorta, canabka iyo geedmiroodyo kale oo farabadan.

Boqorad Elena

Boqoraddan, Elena, waxay kamid ahayd xaasaskii boqor Zara Yakob. Waxay ahayd inan uu dhalay boqorkii Muslimiinta reer Dawaro ee iyagu markii danbe qaatay diinta Kirishtanka kadib kolkii dhulkooda uu hoostagay boqortooyada Ethiopia.

Haweenaydan waxay si kumeelgaar ah taajka boqortooyada Ethiopia ugu haysay boqor Lebna Dengel oo isaga oo 7 sano jir ah aabihiis, boqor Na'od, lagu dilay dagaal dhexmaray boqortyooyada Ethiopia iyo xoogaggii Muslimiinta reer Zaylac ama Adal. 

Dadka taariikhda boqortooyada Ethiopia wax ka qora waxay ku tilmaamaan boqorad Elena in ay ahayd haweenay caqligu aad ugu maaxay. Waxay durbaba xidhiidh la samaysay Suldaan Maxamed Azir oo muddo ka badan 30 sano (1488-1518) katalinayey saldanaddii Muslimiinta ee Adal. Waxay sidoo kale xidhiidh la samaysay dawladdii Portugueseka iyadoo markaas dareemaysay in boqortooyada Ethiopia ay ku soo fool-leedahay khatar ballaaran oo kaga imaanaysay dhinaca bari, gaar ahaan saldanaddii Zaylac.

Boqorad Elena waxay wafti ahaan ugu dirtay dawladdii Portigueska nin Armenian ah oo lagu magacaabi jiray Mateus. Waxaana sanadku markuu ahaa 1514kii uu boqorkii Bortaqiisku, Manuel I uu ku qaabilay Lisbon, oo ahayd xaruntii Bortaqiiska, waftigii boqoradda Ethiopia. Wakhtigaas, waxay Boortagiisku dano muhiim ah ka lahaayeen India, waxayna aad u soo dhaweeyeen aragtida boqorad Elena.

Sanadkii 1520kii, oo ku beegnayd xilliyadii uu taajka boqortooyada Ethiopia uu hayey boqor Lebna Dengel, waxaa soo gaaray xeebta Musawac markab siday wafti Portiguesku u soo diray boqortooyada Ethiopia. Waxaana waftiga madax u ahaa Duarte Galvao oo ahaa safiirkii dawladda Portiguesku u soo magacawday Ethiopia, si taageero ballaran loogu fidiyo boqortooyada Erhiopia, loogana taakuleeyo sidii ay uga guulaysanlahayd Saldanaddii Muslimiinta ee Zaylac.

 

 

Lasoco Qaybaha kale.

 

Qoraalkan lama daabacan karo, lamana guurin karo iyadoon ogolaansho laga helin qoraaga xuquuqdiisa iska leh. fadlan wixii ra'yi ah ee kusaabsan qoraalkan kusoo hagaaji cinwaanka qoraha maqaalka ee kor kuxusan. Mahadsanid.

 

Book Note:  Tribute to Imam Ahmed Gurey by the Author of Futuh Al-Habasha, Shihab Al-Diin Ibn Ahmed Ibn Abdulkadir Al-Jizani, Arab Fiqiih.   "Pay attention to me that I may recite to you at length. All of you gather round me, to receive the testimony ( to make it easy for you) And cast a glance at my book entitled Futuh Al-Habasha effected by the celebrated, glorious, high-minded, renowned fortunate imam, whose equal one has never heard of, nor has there ever been his like..... the triumphant king, the glowing flame, the star of religion, from the stock of the lords of the Mujahidiin.... the sultan, the imam Ahmed ibn Ibrahim, the mujahid, the mooring cable." (Futih Al-Habasha, by Shihab Al-diin Ibn Ahmed Ibn Abdulkadir Al-jizani, P: 4-5, Published by Tsehai publishers, Hollywood, CA)